Who was the first to introduce the concept of Management by Objectives (MBO)?

The concept of Management by Objectives (MBO) was first introduced by Peter F. Drucker, who is often regarded as the father of modern management. Drucker emphasized the importance of setting clear, measurable objectives for employees and aligning these objectives with the overall goals of the organization. This approach encourages participative goal setting, where employees are involved in the process of establishing their own objectives, leading to a greater sense of ownership and accountability.

Drucker's framework involves setting specific targets, assessing performance against these targets, and taking corrective action as necessary. This systematic approach not only enhances organizational efficiency but also motivates employees by providing them with clarity and purpose in their work.

While other notable figures in management, such as Henry Mintzberg, Frederick Taylor, and John Kotter, have significantly contributed to different aspects of management theory and practice, it is Drucker's pioneering work in MBO that laid the foundation for objective-driven performance management in organizations.